Analysis-by-Synthesis Echo Watermarking
نویسندگان
چکیده
The concept of echo hiding was first proposed by Bender et al. in 1996 (Gruhl, Lu, & Bender, 1996). As a new technology, it is remarkably easy to materialize. In comparison to other audio watermarking techniques, echo hiding with many outstanding features is extensively adopted in various audio watermark applications. The conventional scheme of embedding watermarks on audio signals is to add random noises on the host audio signals. In particular, Boney Tewfik, and Hamdy (1996) presented the robust spread spectrum watermarking scheme that exploits temporal and frequency masking. With this scheme widely used in some of the high-quality audio compression algorithms, it is actually quite difficult to allow embedded signals to be higher than the truncation threshold of the compression algorithms, yet at the same time be lower than AbstRAct
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An analysis-by-synthesis echo watermarking method
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